Meloni’s Visit to Saudi Arabia Becomes a Symbol of Cultural and Diplomatic Sensitivity
Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni’s recent visit to Saudi Arabia has gained international attention, not just for its diplomatic significance but also due to her choice of attire. Meloni, who visited the Kingdom from January 25 to 27, 2025, chose not to wear a headscarf, a decision that has sparked widespread discussion regarding cultural norms, women’s rights, and diplomatic protocol.
Her decision to maintain her usual Western attire throughout the visit has ignited a debate on whether foreign leaders should adhere to local customs while visiting conservative countries or uphold their own cultural and political beliefs.
The Visit and Meloni’s Attire Choice
Prime Minister Meloni arrived in Saudi Arabia as part of her Middle Eastern tour, aimed at strengthening Italy’s economic and diplomatic ties with the region. During her meetings with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman and other high-ranking officials, Meloni was seen wearing a formal suit but without a headscarf—an accessory traditionally expected of women in public spaces within the Kingdom.
A widely circulated video on social media shows Meloni confidently walking alongside Saudi officials, dressed in a modest yet Western outfit. Her choice not to wear the headscarf quickly became a topic of debate, drawing mixed reactions from various quarters.
Reactions and Interpretations
The reactions to Meloni’s decision have been sharply divided, reflecting different perspectives on cultural respect, gender equality, and diplomatic decorum.
Supporters Praise Her Boldness
Many have praised the Italian leader for standing her ground and not altering her attire to conform to local expectations. They view her decision as a strong statement on women’s rights and personal freedom. Several social media users and commentators lauded her for setting an example by not bowing to restrictive cultural norms.
One user on Twitter posted:
“Italian PM Giorgia Meloni visited Saudi Arabia, did not wear a headscarf, and didn’t change her attire whatsoever for the visit. This is how you lead by example!”
Advocates for women’s rights argue that Meloni’s move sends a message of empowerment, showing that women should have the right to choose what they wear, regardless of cultural expectations.
Critics Question Diplomatic Sensitivity
On the other hand, critics argue that as a guest in a foreign country, especially one with deep-rooted cultural and religious traditions, Meloni should have shown respect by adhering to local customs. According to this viewpoint, diplomatic visits should reflect mutual respect, and attire is a significant part of that.
A few conservative voices within Saudi Arabia and beyond have criticized her choice, claiming that it disregards the cultural values of the host nation. Some have pointed out that respecting a country’s traditions—especially while visiting in an official capacity—is a matter of diplomatic courtesy rather than submission.
Saudi Arabia’s Evolving Dress Code Policies
Saudi Arabia has undergone significant social reforms in recent years, particularly regarding women’s rights. In 2018, Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman made a landmark statement, clarifying that women in the Kingdom are not required to wear an abaya (traditional cloak) or a headscarf, as long as their clothing is modest and respectful.
This was further solidified in 2019 when the Saudi government introduced public decency laws, outlining acceptable attire for both men and women. Foreign women visiting the Kingdom are advised to dress modestly—covering their shoulders and knees—but are not obligated to wear traditional Saudi garments or a headscarf.
Meloni’s decision, therefore, was in compliance with Saudi Arabia’s current legal framework. However, despite these legal changes, societal expectations and cultural norms continue to influence perceptions of what is deemed appropriate.
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