In a groundbreaking move, Albania, a predominantly Muslim nation smaller than India, has unveiled plans to create a sovereign microstate within its capital, Tirana. This initiative aims to grant free land and housing to impoverished citizens, drawing inspiration from the Vatican City model. The proposed state, known as the “Sovereign State of the Bektashi Order,” seeks to promote religious tolerance, inclusivity, and provide a haven for the underprivileged.
The Vision Behind the ‘Muslim Vatican’
In September 2024, Albanian Prime Minister Edi Rama announced the government’s intention to allocate 27 acres (approximately 11 hectares) on the outskirts of Tirana to establish a sovereign entity for the Bektashi Order, a Sufi Islamic community renowned for its liberal and inclusive practices. This enclave, significantly smaller than Vatican City, is envisioned to function as an independent city-state, serving as a spiritual center that advocates for moderation and peaceful coexistence.
The Bektashi Order, with roots tracing back to the 13th-century Ottoman Empire, has long been a proponent of a tolerant and inclusive form of Islam. Their practices include mixed-gender prayers and a relaxed approach to traditional religious restrictions, such as the consumption of alcohol. By granting sovereignty to the Bektashi headquarters, Albania aims to preserve and highlight these values, offering a model of peaceful coexistence in a region historically marked by religious and cultural tensions.
Empowering the Underprivileged Through Free Land and Housing
Central to this initiative is the provision of free land and housing to those in need. The Albanian government recognizes the challenges faced by its low-income population, including limited access to affordable housing and land ownership. By allocating free land plots and constructing homes within the new microstate, the government aims to uplift these communities, providing them with a stable foundation for a better quality of life.
The proposed sovereign state will comprise existing facilities of the Bektashi compound, including a domed meeting and prayer hall, a museum dedicated to the order’s history, tombs of previous dedebabas (spiritual leaders), an archive, a library, a clinic, and administrative offices. Undeveloped land within the enclave, such as olive groves, will be utilized to build housing for the impoverished, ensuring that the community thrives within a supportive environment.
A Tradition of Inclusivity and Tolerance
The Bektashi Order’s commitment to inclusivity is evident in its progressive practices. Unlike more conservative Islamic traditions, the Bektashis allow the consumption of alcohol—raki (arak) is commonly served within the compound—and do not impose strict dress codes on women. This liberal approach has fostered a community that values personal freedom and mutual respect.
By establishing a sovereign state for the Bektashi Order, Albania seeks to protect and promote these inclusive values on a global scale. The new microstate aims to serve as a beacon of moderation, tolerance, and peaceful coexistence, countering extremist ideologies and fostering interfaith dialogue.
Global Implications and Reception
The announcement of the Sovereign State of the Bektashi Order has garnered international attention, with discussions about its potential impact on global religious dynamics. Prime Minister Edi Rama emphasized Albania’s history of religious harmony and humanitarian actions, highlighting the country’s efforts in protecting Jewish refugees during World War II and sheltering Afghans following the Taliban’s rise to power.
However, the proposal has also faced criticism and skepticism within Albania. Some Sunni Muslim leaders view the project as politically motivated and unnecessary, arguing that Albania already emphasizes religious tolerance. Critics have expressed concerns that the creation of a religious microstate could set a dangerous precedent and disrupt the historical relationship between religion and state in the country.
Despite these challenges, the Albanian government remains committed to the initiative. The creation of the new state requires approval from the Albanian Parliament, including an amendment to the constitution, which currently defines Albania as a “unitary and indivisible state.” If successful, the Sovereign State of the Bektashi Order would have its own government, passports, and borders, similar to other microstates like Vatican City.
Conclusion
Albania’s plan to establish the Sovereign State of the Bektashi Order reflects a bold commitment to social welfare and religious tolerance. By providing free land and housing to the impoverished within this new microstate, the government aims to empower underprivileged communities and promote a model of inclusivity and peaceful coexistence.
As this initiative unfolds, it will be closely watched by the international community. The success of the Sovereign State of the Bektashi Order could serve as a model for other nations striving to address poverty and promote harmony among diverse populations. By embracing its tradition of religious tolerance and inclusivity, Albania is poised to make a significant contribution to global efforts in fostering peace and understanding among different faiths.
